Invasive species early detection and rapid response (EDRR) with eDNA

September 7, 2026 · 6 min read

Invasive species are cheapest to control in the first months after arrival. Early detection and rapid response (EDRR) is the framework most agencies use to catch them.

The invasion curve

Once an invader is widespread, control costs rise dramatically and eradication becomes unlikely. Detection at low density is the goal.

Why eDNA fits EDRR

eDNA can reveal a species present at very low numbers — a few fish, a handful of mussel larvae — long before visual surveys find it.

Priority species examples

Watch lists vary by region; common Great Lakes examples include:

Zebra and quagga mussels
Round goby
Bighead and silver carp
Red swamp crayfish
New Zealand mudsnail
Hydrilla and Eurasian watermilfoil

Responding to a detection

Confirm with a repeat sample, notify your state invasive species program, and coordinate follow-up surveys before any management action.